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Country Commercial Guides for FY 2000:
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CHAPTER X: Economic and Trade Statistic
APPENDIX A: COUNTRY DATA
Population
1997 1998 1999 2000 Population (in millions) 1,236 1,249 1,263 1,276 Population Growth Rat 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1%Note: Actual growth rate for 1996 is assumed for 1997, 1998, and 1999 and is used to produce population estimates for those years.
Religion: Officially atheist, but traditionally pragmatic and eclectic; most important religions are Taoism, and Buddhism, followed by Islam and Christianity.
Languages: Standard Chinese is generally spoken by educated people throughout China, but there are dozens of major local dialects such as Cantonese, Shanghainese, Minbei, Minnan, Xiang, Gan, and Hakka.
Work week: Official work week is 40 hours per week.
DOMESTIC ECONOMY
1997 1998 1999 2000 (actual) (Proj'd) GDP (RMB trillions) /1 7.477 7.955 8.432 9.275 GDP Growth (percent)/2 8.3 7.8 7.0 7.0 GDP Per Capita (US$) 733 769 824 878 Government Spending as % of GDP 13 14 15 16 Retail Price Inflation (percent) 2.8 -0.8 0.0 3.0 Unemployment (percent) /3 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Total For. Ex. Reserves (US$bn) 140 142 147 145 Average Exchange Rate (RMB/US$) 8.25 8.28 8.28 8.28 Foreign Debt (US$ billions) 131.0 146 145 143 Debt Service Ratio 8.7 7.9 8.5 8.5Notes:
1/ 1997 and 1998 are actuals; 1999 and 2000 are Embassy estimates.
2/ At current prices.
3/ At constant prices.
4/ Official Chinese estimate of urban unemployment. Unofficial estimates range from 8-15%.APPENDIX B : Domestic Economy
TRADE DATA (US$ Billions) Category 1998 Proj'd Proj'd (actual) 1999 2000 ----------- ------- ------- ------- Total PRC exports /1 183.7 174.5 192.0 Total PRC imports /1 140.4 146.9 153.8 U.S. exports to PRC /2 14.3 12.2 14.0 U.S. imports from PRC /2 71.2 79.0 87.7 Total US agric exp to PRC 1.7 N/A N/A Total US agric imp from PRC 1.1 N/A N/A1/ PRC Customs General Administration for 1998, U.S. Embassy estimate for 1999 and 2000
2/ U.S. Department of Commerce for 1998, U.S. Embassy estimate for 1999 and 2000
3/ From Trade & Marketing Analysis Branch/TEAD/IPT/FAS/USDA for 1998.APPENDIX C: INVESTMENT STATISTICS
The data provided below have been obtained from MOFTEC and the SSB. The statistics are simple data collected at the point of MOFTEC approval of a foreign investment contract (data on number and value of foreign investment contracts) or based on required reporting by FIEs of committed capital (actual investment utilized). Cumulative values for both contracted and actual foreign investment are simple totals of the data collected each year. As such, they do not reflect historical stock, do not take into account divestment, nor are they adjusted for inflation. More sophisticated data on foreign investment is not currently available in China.
It should be noted that China's FDI data include investment from Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China, as well as Taiwan and Macao. In addition, a significant amount of FDI from Hong Kong and Macao, is actually investment by mainland Chinese companies via subsidiaries in Hong Kong or Macao. The mainland Chinese companies seek to capitalize on Chinese Government incentives, such as tax breaks, which are available to foreign investors but not domestic investors. Estimates on how much of the FDI attributed to Hong Kong investors, and therefore, included in overall FDI totals, which is actually mainland Chinese company funds, range from 10-30 percent of the total Hong Kong FDI in China.
Table 1 -- Contractual and Utilized Foreign Direct Investment
in China from All Sources (1979-1998) (In USD Millions) ------------------------------------------------------------ Number of Contractual Utilized New Contracts FDI FDI ------------------------------------------------------------ 1979-82 920 4,958 1,769 1983 638 1,917 916 1984 2,166 2,875 1,419 1985 3,073 6,333 1,956 1986 1,498 3,330 2,244 1987 2,233 3,709 2,314 1988 5,945 5,297 3,194 1989 5,779 5,600 3,393 1990 7,273 6,596 3,487 1991 12,978 11,977 4,366 1992 48,764 58,124 11,008 1993 83,437 111,436 27,515 1994 47,549 82,680 33,767 1995 37,011 91,282 37,521 1996 24,556 73,276 41,726 1997 21,001 51,003 45,257 1998 19,799 52,102 45,463 -------------------------------------------------------- Total 324,620 572,495 267,315 Table 2 -- U.S. Contractual and Utilized Foreign Direct Investment in China (1979-1998)(In USD Millions) --------------------------------------------------------- Number of Contractual Utilized Year New Projects FDI FDI ------------------------------------------------------------ 1979-82 21 281 13 1983 25 470 5 1984 62 165 256 1985 100 1,152 357 1986 102 541 326 1987 104 342 263 1988 269 370 236 1989 276 641 284 1990 357 358 456 1991 694 548 323 1992 3,265 3,121 511 1993 6,750 6,813 2,063 1994 4,223 6,010 2,491 1995 3,474 7,471 3,083 1996 2,517 6,915 3,443 1997 2,188 4,937 3,239 1998 2,238 6,484 3,898 ------------------------------------------------------------ Total 26,665 46,619 21,247 Table 3 -- China's Contractual and Utilized Foreign Direct Investmest by Country (1998) (in USD Millions) -------------------------------------------------------- Number of Contractual Utilized New Contracts FDI FDI -------------------------------------------------------- Hong Kong 7,805 17,613 18,508 Virgin Is. 622 6,136 4,031 U.S. 2,238 6,484 3,898 Singapore 566 3,002 3,404 Japan 1,198 2,274 3,400 Taiwan 2,970 2,982 2,915 Korea (ROK) 1,309 1,641 1,803 U.K. 220 1,682 1,175 Germany 208 2,375 737 Thailand 97 563 719 France 201 489 715 Macao 264 307 422 Malaysia 144 326 340 Cayman Is. 41 793 324 Canada 416 947 316 Others 1500 4,015 2,754 ------------------------------------------------------ Total 19,799 52,102 45,463
Table 4 -- China's Contractual and Utilized Foreign Direct Investment by Sector (1998)(In USD Millions) -------------------------------------------------------- Number of Contrac- Utilized New Contracts tual FDI FDI -------------------------------------------------------- Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fisheries 876 1,204 624 Mining 168 852 578 Manufacturing 13,477 30,827 25,582 Utilities 142 1,968 3,103 Construction 318 1,750 2,064 Transport, Warehousing, Postal and Telecomm. Svcs. 274 2,301 1,645 Wholesale and Retail Trade and Food Services 1,184 1,314 1,181 Real Estate 834 6,647 6,410 Social Services 1,634 3,012 2,963 Health Care, Sports and Social Welfare 40 142 97 Education, Culture, Arts, Radio, Film and Television Industry 14 22 68 Scientific Research and Comp. Technical Services 169 156 39 Others 669 1,906 1,108 -------------------------------------------------------- Total 19,799 52,102 45,463
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[end of document] Note* International Copyright, United States Government, 1998 (or other year of first publication). All rights under foreign copyright laws are reserved. All portions of this publication are protected against any type or form of reproduction, communications to the public and the preparation of adaptations, arrangement and alterations outside the United States. U. S. copyright is not asserted under the U.S. Copyright Law, Title17, United States Code.
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